Hello, I am Laszlo

Static Abstract in Practice

09/16/2023

I recently encountered a problem where a class used a static method, and I had to provide a second implementation for this static method from one of the callsites. It looked like this case:

public class MyClass
{
    public void Foo(int input)
    {
        var value = MyStaticType.Calculate(input);
        // ...
    }
}

I needed to have a different implementation for Calculate in one place I have been invoking the Foo method. There are multiple ways to address the issue, but I have chosen one that is only available on C# 11 and above.

Alternative Solutions

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Await events

08/26/2023

Some legacy API-s provide an event-based mechanism to achieve an asynchronous behavior. In this case typically a sync method starts a longer running async operation and an event notifies the consumer when the operation succeeds or fails.

For example, a hypothetical code below sends a message to queue and also subscribes an event for completion.

_queue.Completed += (sender, args) => // message is sent
_queue.Send(msg);

Code quickly gets complicated in case the caller wants to wait for the completion of the send operation. In more modern C# one would represent this operation with a Task. A Task could be then awaited at the call site:

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Frozen Collections

08/05/2023

.NET 8 (Preview 1) introduces new collection types including FrozenDictionary and FrozenSet. Both types are frozen counterparts of Dictionary<TKey, TValue> and HashSet<T>. These types reside in the System.Collections.Frozen namespace in SystemCollections.Immutable.dll package.

The frozen semantics mean, that these collections resist to change once they become frozen: they are immutable. However, they are different to the existing immutable collections, as these are being even more restrictive to change. While immutable collections allow change by creating a new immutable collection frozen semantics discourage such operations. Immutable collections use 'clever' data structures in memory that make operations like Add and Remove (relatively) cheap given the underlying data may not change. Contrary, frozen collections can optimize for lookups (or for construction, but more on that later).

For example, ImmutableStack<T> uses a linked list implementation instead of using an array as backing data structure. It has two fields: a head which contains data stored by a user, and a tail which is a pointer to the next item on the stack. Pushing a new item to the stack creates a new instance of ImmutableStack<T> where the head field stores the new data pushed, and the tail references the previous instance of ImmutableStack<T>.

Note, that these are the actual field names in the implementation of ImmutableStack at the time of writing this blog post.

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Pooling IBufferWriter

07/16/2023

In the .NET 7 area some high performance APIs offer overloads for dealing with raw data via IBufferWriter<T>. IBufferWriter is a contract for buffered writing. High performance APIs typically offer an overload of their methods with IBufferWriter<T> along with byte[], Stream or Memory<T>. However, this is not the case for every API.

IBufferWriter<T> offers three methods:

• GetMemory() and GetSpan() get a piece of writable memory.

• Advance() to notify the buffer writer that data has been written.

.NET 7 offers two implementations of IBufferWriter<T>: Pipe (via PipeWriter) and ArrayBufferWriter<T>. Pipes help to solve the problem of parsing high performance streaming data. ArrayBufferWriter<T> offers an array-based buffering solution by implementing IBufferWriter<T>.

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Protobuf Source Generator

06/24/2023

I have recently faced a challenge where significant amount of custom types had to be serializable with protobuf-net. A requirement for the task was to avoid attributing all properties with [ProtoMember]. A solution to this problem is using C# source generators to generate partial types with properties that are serializable. Such a source generator is described below and implemented in LaDeak.ProtobufSourceGenerator nuget package and GitHub project.

A source generator that generates partial helper classes where member properties are attributed with ProtoMember attribute for serialization with protobuf-net.

Getting Started

Install nuget package:

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